Author Archives: drunkonhelium
Documentary Comic Satires OR Movie CutawaysMovie Inserts as Cutaways or Comic Satires?
Editing Feedback:
Okay so we wanted to include a titanic scene cutaway in our public housing documentary. (LOOK AT THE CHOSEN TITANIC BTS VIDEO)
Reasons being: 1) to cover up a slight dissolve cut due to stutters and a small camera shake. 2) Our talent was a credible and authoritative figure of the Victoria Public Housing Tenants Association and his interview was really informative and relevant; however it got a little lengthy to see his expressions as it was really neutral and did not add any aesthetic or emotional appeal to his chunk of information.
Therefore, we wanted to overlay a part of his quote “it’s like who gets on the life boats of the titanic. Some people get on and some people get off.”
It was a pretty great quote to symbolise the revolving effect of how the rich gets richer and poor gets poorer; where public housing tenants who are already poor and are and will be poorer if privatisation happens. The scene in titanic where people were struggling to get onto the boats ,but in the end the rich could bribe their way through for their lives whereas the poor had no choice or way out.
This was a literal cutaway that had great sounds of people screaming and struggling as well.
Paul: He didn’t like the titanic cutaway mainly due to copyright issues and how it was pretty much crap quality. HAHA. Which was true.
Robin: It may or may not work because it could be too literal, but yet it could work because it was interesting to relate to alongside with the screaming/wave sounds as well. However our topic in this case was public housing, one of high social impact and of politics (a social debate). Therefore, the titanic scene could backfire and create more doubt and mislead the audience from interpreting our main message.
Hence, we scrapped it and inserted political satires and cartoon images like these (below). I think it did work better in the end because of the mood and setting of the documentary. I guess it did make the documentary more focused on the idea of public housing as compared to the titanic scene which would bring about a different feel and mood.
I guess to illustrate our idea this is an example inspirational video we could adapt to:
At 1:35 the cutaway of a political satire starts to come in about public housing as well and it added a new element of understanding on top of the interviewee’s script. This was ideally similar to our documentary and i guess it’s up to an audience now with regards to perceptions and interpretation. The only fallback is the colours, and perhaps the pace and timing of the satire (if the satire has words, ample time would need to be considered to absorb the satire).
Fingers crossed, screening is in less than a week!
Types of Cutaways
Three basic types of Cutaways: credits to dvworkshops.
1. Story Telling Shots– Images of “Welcome to ” signs, exterior shots of houses where interviews were filmed, Images of your character entering and leaving a building, Wide shots of Cities or towns from on top of a hill or large building. These will allow you to tell your story with out always having to use a narrator ..That’s why I call them story telling Cutaways.
For our documentary: This would mean shooting cutaways of kids, houses, interior of tenant’s houses, the estates, the public housing pathway documents, kids playing, building signs etc.
2. Emotional Cutaways– Since film has the unique ability to make people feel…the way to construct emotional sequences is to first film shots that have emotional content built into them. For example a solitary man sitting on a park bench…two people walking hand in hand…A close up of a hand while they are praying…shot of a candle ….incense burning…people hugging…
For our documentary: This would mean shooting close-ups of all emotions with the striking balance of kids vs adults. Kids tend to be more colourful and innocent with their feelings so we’ll definitely watch out in this aspect and try to capture as close to real-life as possible. We are targeting laughter and crying shots of kids in public housing!:)
3. General Coverage– These are very important..if you are filming a race car contest…you had better get shots of people watching the race…cheering…the hot dog stand…people lined up to get in…Ushers tearing ticket stubs at the entrance (close-ups)…people cooking out in the middle of the raceway…a close op of flags, loudspeakers and race track signage. You will need all of these….get lot’s of general coverage shots or you will be sorry.
For our documentary: This would be our interviewee’s houses and general shots of items and props in the area.
Last but not least!
GET CLOSE UPS.
The theory of film editing includes the definition of what makes a good edit (Visual not content). Theory is that you can not edit together two wide shots filmed from the same angle, same for medium shots…you need to insert a couple of Close-ups between these shots in order not to make the edit appear as a “Jump Cut”…of course people break this rule ( French filmmaker Goodard), but I highly recommend covering yourself by filming lots of Close ups.
I definitely agree with this because some of our interviewees have very vivid and strong expressions, hence it could have been perfect to capture some extreme close-up shots of their anger, their worries and their fears. The variety of shots would also avoid any boring cuts in the film:)
Pamela Curr Interview: A Reflection
Pamela was another public housing tenant who stayed at Port Melbourne. She was an interesting subject because of her age, and she relies heavily on medication due to her depression and she hardly leaves the house. Therefore, we felt that she would be ideal in expressing the heartfelt fears and worries if public housing was privatised.
We had a small mishap namely, we forgot to bring the batteries as we were charging it overnight and did not put it back so note to self! Please check equipment at home as well! In the end Raymond (Vanessa’s Boyfriend) cabbed down and in the mean time we talked to Pamela and did a bit of planning in terms of choosing cutaways and location design.
Initially we set up outside with the wooden bench and we wanted to interview her with the nice sunlight and props in the garden. The sound was also awesome and you could hear birds and slight winds as well. PERFECTION.
However! Halfway through the interview we had to make the decision to cut because the rain got heavier and although Pamela seemed fine with the rain, it would have been more ideal and respectful as well to shift the interview indoors. SOund would have been a hassle as well as the rain got heavier and the levels were peaking.
After going indoors, we continued on with the interview and we had another problem with sound as the cables were a little faulty and this buzzing sound could be picked up. We made Lupita stand nearer to Pamela and the sound got clearer as well. However one thing to note was in post production we needed to adjust the reverb indoors as the sounds were echo-ing a little due to the small kitchen space we were in.
Pamela made a great interviewee because of her age and she was really frank about her opinions and thoughts. She also cried and got emotional during the interviewee and we captured several close-ups of her tears. This was really touching for all of us on set as well but we had more questions so we kept the pace and mood, and continued on with the interview. I guess in times like this, your interviewer must be prepared and not be affected by these circumstances.
Next for cutaways, we got cutaways of photos and her house. We also took cutaways outside of her house as we thought it would be a great contrast to the public housing estates in Northcote. Her house was significantly bigger and the garden outside was really pretty visually.
Learning Points:
Come prepared on set especially in terms of your equipment! CHECK CHECK CHECK.
Be prepared to handle emotional interviewees and do not be afraid to probe more even when they’re crying. It’ll affect the pace and continuity of the shots.
Knowing Your Team & Another Filming Escada
Coming together is a beginning.
Keeping together is progress.
Working together is success. (Henry Ford)
Okay so i decided to blog about our roles in the team. Mainly because as the documentary progressed, it got a bit fussy as to what our roles were and I was also sort of role-less in a sense I think everyone pretty much helped out with everything from equipment, producing, contacting interviewees, building rapport, camera shooting, boom pole assistant etc. WHat made this documentary a success was our flexibility and adaptations on set amongst one another. We definitely needed to consider one another’s weaknesses and strengths as well because it definitely made filming much more time-effective and everything went really smooth.
So these were the main roles in CUTxPACE:
Vanessa: Director (far right)
Manal: Our producer (beside Vanessa)
Lupita: Sound Guru (far left)
Charmaine: Director of Photography (beside Lupita)
Okay so some problems during the documentary in this aspect was that depending on the situation and context we did have to alternate roles when the need arise. For instance, Manal felt like she wasn’t strong in interviewing kids and did not know how to evoke emotional questions out of some of our interviewees. Therefore, Lupita and I would step in and assist with that. These were the sort of situations where communication and teamwork has to be ideal for an effective and productive shoot. We also discussed and met up before each interview and talked about what we want, and how we are going to achieve it. This is something very important because without planning, the interviews tend to get very draggy and it was hard to churn out results in the end.
Another instance would be during cutaways, two of us (at times) just stood around. Alternatively, the other two would handle the release forms, the other would build rapport with the kids and talents nearby. I guess it’s important to rotate roles and I’m glad I got to have a go at almost all the roles.
“I think of filmmaking as a collaborative art form. Cinematographers play first violin in a symphony orchestra with the director conducting, but it has always been a very interpretative role. I experimented with using contrast to affect the look on my first film, Les Creatures, and before that I experimented on short films. I learned that when I was working in that research lab which was experimenting with creating color by combining three strips of black and white film. I learned how to read and manipulate a gamma curve. It’s like a painter understanding how to use your brush. You don’t have to be obsessed by technique, but you have to understand what sensitometry is and how to use that knowledge to get the colors and contrast you want.”
credits to Dreamsteep
Revelations of Interviews for Films
So i was reading about capturing moments in films and I must admit that this step-by-step guide gave me a whole new perspective and set of skills for filming. I think as a film maker, especially for observational documentaries, it is so important to build rapport with all your interviewees. The whole process can almost take a long time before they’ll actually open up to you and give you what you want. Likewise fo us, our initial idea and goal was to passionately represent public housing in a positive light and we wanted the tenants themselves to have a voice and speak up about their emotions and thoughts and memories. But we definitely had a lot of problems trying to create the right transparent setting where our interviewees could be comfortable and “free” to express 100%. So after reading this short passage online, I guess it’s an idiot proof passage but for all of you film makers who aren’t skilled at communicating and interviewing. This could be the remedy!
It starts:
The memories, stories, and traditions of the people you interview grow out of firsthand knowledge and experience. Created and shaped in community life, they are continually being adapted and changed to meet new circumstances and needs. When interviewing members of your family or local community, be sure to seek out not only what they can tell you about the past, but what they can tell you about life in the present.
I liked how they gave a few thought provoking questions and it honestly hits you in the head. Do reflect upon these questions because they’ll definitely come in handy if you’re interviewing someone. Think about the past and present, your audience demographics and what wouold they desire to see as well. All of these obviously comes with a little planning.
How have certain family traditions evolved? What holiday customs are practiced today that weren’t a generation ago? What special foodways and rituals are part of community celebrations and why? What skills and abilities are needed to practice a particular craft or trade? How are these skills learned, mastered, and passed on to younger generations?
Whenever possible, ask the tradition-bearer you are interviewing for stories and anecdotes about the topic you are interested in. Stories are important sources of information for the community researcher — they encapsulate attitudes and beliefs, wisdom and knowledge that lie at the heart of a person’s identity and experience. Remember that the stories and memories you collect are valuable not necessarily because they represent historical facts, but because they embody human truths — a particular way of looking at the world.
What I liked about the tip above is that, you’ll never know by doing so! You could get inspired by your interviewee and he/she could help you formulate the angle and structure of your own film. And i believe as people start to share their stories, more emotions could be captured and wouldn’t that be great?
As Ann Banks writes in First Person America,
“The way people make sense of their lives, the web of meaning and identity they weave for themselves, has a significance and importance of its own.”
The stories people tell, and the cultural traditions they preserve, speak volumes about what they value and how they bring meaning to their lives and to the lives of those around them. Every interview that you do will be unique. We hope the advice and suggestions offered here will help you on your journey of cultural discovery.
Remember to capture the different colours and styles and personalities of all your interviewees because it’ll make the documentary more lively and it’ll seem like you have a million narratives to entice your audience. And keep in mind to NEVER state your opposing opinions whilst you’re interviewing someone and they’re sharing so openly about their story. RESPECT! It’s THEIR story and you chose to interview them for a reason. UNLESS its a certain style of documentary which involves your rebuttal and feedback. Go ahead but do so sensitively.
Getting Started
What is the goal of your research? What are you curious about? What do you want to find out? Do you want to learn about a special celebration in your community? Document traditional customs in your family? Find out what it was like when your mother was growing up?
The best way to begin is to decide on the focus of your interview. This will determine whom you choose to interview and what sorts of questions you ask. Having a clearly defined goal is key to conducting a successful interview.
Once you’ve determined the focus of your interview, then what? Whom should you interview first? You might want to begin by thinking about yourself and your own interests. What sorts of questions would you like someone to ask you? What kind of responses do you think they would elicit? This will help you prepare for the interview experience. If possible, try to conduct your first interview with someone with whom you feel very comfortable, such as a close relative or a neighbor you know well. Over the course of the interview, you’ll probably pick up clues to other sources: “Aunt Judith can really tell some stories about those days,” or “You should ask Antonio Martinez — he’s the real master.”
What if you don’t already know someone to interview about the topic you are interested in? The best way to find people is by asking other people. Chances are you know someone who knows just the person you’re looking for! Friends, neighbors, relatives, teachers, librarians, folklorists, and local historians can all help point you in the right direction. Local newspapers, community bulletin boards, and senior citizen centers are also good sources of information. The interview should take place in a relaxed and comfortable atmosphere. The home of the person you are interviewing is usually the best place, but there may also be other settings that would be appropriate, such as your tradition-bearer’s workplace, a church hall, or a community center.
Productive interviews can sometimes take place at regularly occurring events, such as family dinners, holiday celebrations, and work gatherings. These are often the occasions when stories are told and traditional customs observed.
The above par is also really crucial and i emphasize on the word recurring because sometimes, or rather, most of the time. Recurring visits and interviews could help you dig out more information about your interviewee’s life. They could have recalled more information and by that time they would have felt more comfortable and probably will be more open to share even infront of the cameras and crew. Put in that effort and if time allows it, build relationships as it’ll benefit your film and give you contacts for your topic.
Hope this was helpful! Credits to folklife.
Heaven: A Short Film (Sound definitely has a huge impact)
This has got to be one of the cutest animated short films i’ve seen. I think what really appeals and stands out are the minute expressions and micro movements from the Angel, as well as the good pacing of the instrumental track. For instance at 0:50, the sudden pause of the instrumental track complemented the mood and expression of the animated man who was awaiting for his approval to enter heaven.
In addition to that, the beats and tempo of the tracks and sound effects also gave great perception and sense of interactivity and relevance for the audience in my opinion. I would term this as “conversational mood sounds”, as it highlights and reinforces the appropriate emotions and feelings one would gain upon watching the film. I think the soundscape has effectively delivered in this area.
Next, I also think that the screenplay writer and the illustrator of this film did a great job in brainstorming for the colours used as it was aesthetically very pleasing. The ideas generated in the film were also very interesting and refreshing, it was definitely something original in terms of the animated and outcome context. Taking the concept of “meeting the criteria to be selected into heaven”, “angel vs devil”, “good triumph over evil ultimately”… All these concepts were played around with and the mix was very balanced and intriguing to watch:)
Hope you’ve enjoyed the film<3
John’s Interview and Another Bad Technical Day
Okay so this interview did not turn out as smooth as we wanted it to be and i swear it was so nerve wrecking! It was partially our fault and responsibility as well so the story goes…
We always checked our gear before renting it and the camera was fine and perfect, sound was also great! ALL WAS PERFECT. But! When we were setting up, all of a sudden! We could not record and we tried changing the settings etc. It was apparently on another camera profile that was in chinese, all hell broke loose thereafter because we could not film and thank God John was really patient and flexible in rescheduling. However, we felt so bad and tried to resolve and work around the situation.
We reset the settings, reformatted the card, turned the z7 on and off. We even called the techs but nothing worked. In the end we played around with some other settings and we could start recording! AND THEN!
The sound messed up! No levels were showing while recording and Lupita could not hear any sound through her headphones and on the mixer no levels could be picked up. We reset the mixer and replugged the sound wires but everything was futile.
Some solutions:
1) Come back another day to shoot.
2) We could use our DSLRs but sound would have been a problem.
3) Shoot cutaways first and come back another time
We definitely had a rough start because though we managed to get the camera working and we swapped to the in built camera mic, the quality would probably be different and editing was going to be another hassle. And low and behold after reviewing the footage, the colour and quality was bad. the sound levels were alright but probably needed work in post production because the levels were low and the sound was a tad muffled up.
Other problems or happenings:
We wanted to get cutaways of John visiting the hospital but due to time constraints and also due to the concerns of not being prepared, we forgo that thought. We did manage to get pretty good cutaways of John’s art and his house but again quality was a little upsetting after reviewing our footages. What was good about John was that he can get repetitive in some of his answers, but he has alot of passion and his tone used covered it up. He evoked the right emotions with the use of his words as well and we definitely had anger and disappointment coming from him.
The Kids: Our Cutaways
Okay so for our documentary I realised we needed to have like gazillion cutaways to show this huge topic of public housing. We went back a couple of times hoping to get loads of cutaways of kids but on some days it got alittle disappointing because there were no kids! But nonetheless it was all about the process and we tried to make our trip down fruitful. In documentaries choosing the right cutaways and getting the right sound in the spur of the moment was a challenging task as well as there were not much room for mistakes.
Like for the cutaways of the kids, we had to know how to handle the kids as tried making weird funy faces, we tried talking to them, we tried plying with them… Sometimes nothing works and it was hard trying to get our ideal planned shots. I guess this is why planning is such an important aspect for your cutaways because it eally saves so much more time and for a documentary like ours, we needed to know specific schedules like…
The children’s playtime, the time where all the mother’s gather with their kids, what time are their classes at the estate community club… There were so much more details to be looked into but we sort of power through and managed well. This was a great learning experience and I finally understand why it is important to plan and select your talents. identifying your talents and choices of cutaways is also crucial because it can set the tone and mood of your documentary or destroy it.
Other cutaways which we struggled alot with was getting observational cutaways of our interviewees (especially the adults) because of time contraints and schedules. Hence we had to make a number of trips back to the Northcote estate to get different cutaways to cover up the overload of information and narratives from the adults’ interviewees.
Another pointer to note is something not crucial as of yet but I guess for huge topics that are ongoing like ours, I feel that building rapport is something really important at the start. We’re almost done with 4 interviewees and we’ve been getting more and more content and responses only because we kept on communicating with our contacts and the kids. We played with them, talked to them, and got to know all of our characters and interviewees better, hence filming was easier and more flexible whilst our director gave orders and duties.
So far everything has been smooth in our 2nd week of shooting and we’ve been having a bit of a problem trying to structure our documentary as we had an overlap of information from some interviewees. So next step would be to nail down a draft fine cut, and maybe we’ll have to re-plan a template for our flow and order of sequence. Another update: we have yet to nail down a government figure to balance out our film as well so fingers crossed we’ll ba able to do so soon!
Some other cutaways to enjoy:)
REVOLVING DOOR: Another Documentary
Kate & Jeremy Dixon Interview
Okay so its the second and third interview we’ll be doing! Once again Manal our awesome producer got us this interview. Kate is an independent running in the Melbourne Council Election and she’s also one of the prominent active public housing advocates in Victoria.
WHY WE CHOSE HER:
1. She was a credible and articulate talent and she has extensive experience and knowledge about public housing, its policies, people, support groups, laws, government, politics etc.
2. She’s also a public housing tenant which makes her really reliable and her honesty will hopefully be reflected realistically on film. (We had the goal of capturing emotions out from her as she is a mother herself and she has her own worldly worries of being evicted and higher rents)
3. She’s talented and skilled in interviewees. I think this boiled down to the idea of having professional interviewees as compared to unprofessional ones.
Kate stood out alot in this aspect as her answers were very wise and concise, with impact and emotions. Her choice of words and her phrasing was also really commendable as she was an interviewee who needed no prompting and i must say everything with her went so smoothly. There was a part in the interview where she got emotional and cried as well and it was awesome for us to slowly discover the realities of the fears and concerns of the tenants so we’ll definitely explore this angle and touch on it.
WHY WE CHOSE JEREMY:
1. Kate recommended Jeremy because of his active status as an advocate. And he was a tenant himself for years hence we were anticipating his story.
2. He was very knowledgable in technical aspects and could add information to our film.
Jeremy was not a strong character piece because he could not narrate his own story as a tenant and he was not trained as an interviewee as compared to Kate, hence we might not use him in the documentary as a character piece but definitely as an informative piece because he was really knowledgable about the laws and policies of public housing and KPMG. Due to his own time constraint and schedule, he could not stay on for long as well hence the short and abrupt interview, and we could not get any personal tenant stories.
Okay so we met another obstacle on set:
We wanted to film the window as a cutaway because of the colours and the pictures and artwork of her kids. However it was seriously overexposed and after adding filters and all the shot was still really ugly. We’ll probably have to edit it in post but point to note! Adjust white balance especially if the sun keeps shining brightly on and off.
Other Progress Updates:
Our questions are currently all too informative and technical to the extent of fears that our documentary will be a tad boring because we still haven’t gotten a strong character/family to follow around. There wasn’t much emotions or complementary cuts of our interviewees’ lives as well and hence this is a worry and obstacle the team anticipates and we’ll be planning more shots of kids in the next interview.




























